False-color or false-sensitized photographic film containing colored couplers



Sept. 11., 1956 w. HANSON, JR 2,763,54

FALSE-COLOR OR FALSE-SENSITIZED PHOTOGRAPHIC FILM CONTAINING COLORED COUPLERS Filed NOV. 3, 1951 NEG/477 VE BLUE .SENSIT/VE GREEN SENSITIVE ED SENSITIVE PPORT m l REVERSAL AND REMOVAL OF SILVER RfVE/PSED Pas/2W5 I RED SENSITIVE 11 1 0: SUPPORT L PRINT/N6 \\-BLUE SENSITIVE -6REEN SENSITIVE --RED SENSITIVE PRINT/N6 31 BLUE SENSITIVE GREEN SENSITIVE RED SENSITIVE SUPPQRT POS/T/ VE BLUE SENSITIVE mow/0N cvfimwms YELLOW'COLORED MAGENTA COUPLER ("GREEN SENS/7W5 EMULSION CHAIM/WING ORA/V6E'COL0/EED CYA/V COUPLE/P RED 5 ENS/771E EMULSION CU/VFl/Nl/YG COLORLESS YELLOW COUPLER SUPPORT gmmmm Pl/esleyTHa/won, J1:

INVEN TOR.

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ATTORNEYS FALSE-COLOR R FALSE-SENSITIZED PHOTO- GRAL JEHC FILM CONTAINING COLORED CQUPLIERS Wesley T. Hanson, in, Rochester, N. Y., assignor to Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, N. Y., a corporation of New .lersey Application November 3, 1951, Serial No. 254,679 ll Claim. (Cl. 95-4) This invention relates to photography and particularly to photographic film containing colored couplers.

In the customary three-color multi-layer film the color of the images is complementary to the sensitivity of the emulsion and the images recorded in the film correspond to the sensitivity. Other arrangements of sensitivity and image records are possible and these are the subject of the present invention.

in subtractive color processes, image colors are used which are con'iplementary to the primary colors, for example, which are yellow, magenta and cyan. These are known as subtractive colors. The emulsions are sensitized to the primary colors blue, green and red. The color separation images recorded in the emulsions by a camera film are the same as the sensitivities, that is the blue-sensitive emulsion records the blue color separation, etc, but in the case of a print film the color separations recorded by the emulsions may or may not be the same as the sensitivities, since the print may be made directly from a nulti-layer negative or positive or from color separation images made from the original and printed through filters of different colors. These distinctions will be apparent from the following description of my invention, but these definitions must first be stated.

A false-sensitized color film is one in which the effective sensitivity of any emulsion is associated with the formation of a subtractive color image other than the one which is complementary to the effective sensitivity of that emulsion. The separation image recorded in the emulsion may or may not represent the same color as that ol the effective sensitivity.

A false-color picture is one in which any of the primary-color areas of the original subject is reproduced by a dye or coloring material other than one which is complementary to the respective primary color. For example, blue color areas in the original are reproduced by magenta or cyan dye in the print material. The image color in the print may or may not be complementary to the sensitivity of the print material.

Typical color and sensitizing arrangements are illustrated in the following diagram:

Sensitivity Image Image I have found that color reproduction with the falsesensitized materials or false-color photographs may be improved by incorporating colored color couplers in one or more layers of such material. Deficiencies of the subtractive dyes are thereby improved, as explained below, especially with the false-color photographs.

2,763,549 Patented Sept. 18, 1956 In the drawing, Fig. 1 shows sectional views of taking and printing films at successive stages in the process, the original color of the colored coupler being omitted for simplicity, and Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a different type of multi-layer film containing colored couplers according to my invention.

Colored couplers which are capable of coupling with the development product or oxidation product of primary aromatic amino developing agents to form a colored image and which in their uncoupled state have a color which absorbs light in the same spectral region as that of the undesired absorption of the coupled dye formed from them are described in my prior U. S. Patent 2,449,966. Couplers of this type are used in the falsesensitized film or in the film used to form the false-color photograph according to my invention.

One of the practical systems for making color pictures, particularly color motion pictures, involves the use of an original multi-layer taking material, which may be developed either to a negative or to a positive, printing onto an inter-negative material. and then printing from the inter-negative onto a positive final print material. Any of these materials may be natural sensitized or falsesensitized and may be used in a manner to give natural color or false color images or both as long as the sepa ration images of the final print material represent the same color aspects as those of the original subject. Obviously, the taking material may be a false-sensitized material and will automatically lead to false color images since the effective sensitivities of the emulsions must correspond to the color separations recorded in the material. Colored couplers can be incorporated in either the taking material or the inter-negative material but not in the print material since this material is designed for viewing the picture.

In the three-stage cycle, that is, original, internegative and print material, two types of original material will be described, the first being a false-sensitized material forming false color images and the second being a naturalsensitized, natural-color material. The false-sensitized material to be described will have the magenta image in the top, blue-sensitive layer, the cyan image in the middle, green-sensitive layer and the yellow image in the bottom, red-sensitive layer, since this arrangement gives the maximum etfective speed in the camera. Obviously, other sensitivity and color arrangements can be used.

TYPE l.-ORIGINAL In the first type, therefore, the original or camera material will have the following structure.

Sensitivity Image Color Image Aspect Blue Magenta... Blue. Green.. Cyan Green. Red Yellow Red.

Colored couplers such as those listed below are used in the blue-sensitive and. green-sensitive layers of this material, and after exposure the material is developed by reversal using the following formulas:

Water to 1000 cc.

After development for minutes at 20 C., the film is washed fully exposed with white light and developed for 12 minutes in the following color developer.

Formula II Grams Z-amino-S-diethylaminotoluene hydrochloride 2 Sodium sulfite (anhydrous) 2 Sodium carbonate, monohydrate 20 Potassium bromide 2 Water to 1000 cc. I

The film is then bleached, fixed, Washed and dried in the usual manner.

, TYPE I.INTERNEGATIVE AND PRINT MATERIAL The internegative material may be a natural-sensitized material or a false-sensitized material resulting in a false color image when printed from the orignal'or may be a false-sensitized material so designed that it will give a natural color image when printed from the original orsorne of the layers may be natural-sensitized and the rest false-sensitized, in which case the image would be false-color. In the material on which prints are made from the internegative material, the pictures are natural color pictures in every case, since they are to be used for viewing. The print material may, however, be falsesensitized or natural-sensitized depending upon whether the image inthe internegative is false color'or natural color. In every case, the blue-sensitive layer is on top, the green-sensitive layer in the middle, and the red-sensitive layer on the bottom.

, Internegative Print Material Image As- PG IuutgeColor Image Aspect 7 Image Color {Magenta V Magenta Cyan. Magenta As mentioned above, the three stage system just described may contribute. a number of advantages in color reproduction, obtainedby changes in effects of the improper absorptions of the dyes.

The efiects of the improper absorptions of the dyes in this false-sensitized original can be determined by the following reasoning: The magenta dye being in the blue sensitive layer is replacing the yellow dye in a normal process. So the red and blue absorptions of the magenta dye will contribute to the final image the same effects as green and red absorptions of the yellow dye of the normal process. Since in this processthe yellow dye is inthe red sensitive'layer, blue density of the yellow dye will control the final cyan image. Similarly, the blue density of the magenta dye in thetop layer will control some cyan image. It will thus behave like red density in the yellow dye of a normal process. magenta dye in the top layer willcontribute the same deficiencies to the final image as green density in th normal yellow dye. 7

. Similarly, the blue and green absorptions of the cyan dye in the green sensitive layer will contribute to the final image, the same deficiencies as red and .blue' absorption of the normal magenta dye. Its blue density will? contribute The red density of the 4 cyan in the final image and its green density will contribute yellow. Thus, blue density of the cyan dye will behave like red density of the magenta dye in a normal process, and green density of cyan dye will behave like blue density of the magenta dye of a normal process.

In considering the original and the first arrangement of internegative and print material described above, the following absorptions are obtained. In the original the green absorption of the-yellow dye behaves like blue absorption of the cyan dye in a natural-sensitized naturalcolor process. In the internegative, the green absorption of the yellow dye contributes the same image characteristics as red absorption in the magenta dye in a naturalcolor natural-sensitized process. However, this can be corrected by overcorrecting the blue absorption of the cyan dye in the original since this behaves like red absorption of magenta dye. This overcorrection can be made to cancel the defect occurring in the internegative film. Overcorrection ofthe green absorption of the cyan dye would behave like overcorrection'for blue absorption of the magenta dye in a natural-color natural-sensitized process. By similar reasoning, the proper degree of overcorrection required to give the most advantageous color reproduction in all of the six arrangements described above can be determined. The residual unwanted absorptions of the image dyes which introduce color reproduction errors into the final print are shown in the following table. In this table the unwanted densities of the imageforming dyes areindicated as follows:

' On=blue density of cyan dye Ce=grecn density of cyan dye Ma -blue density ofruagcnta dye M =red density of magenta dye Ya=green density of yellow dye Type of I Improper Absorp- Laycr Ar- Type of Overcorreotion' tions Uncorrected rangement or Overcorreeted l. Overcorrcct the orange colored On uncorrected. 2 ocyancoupleghin the original. d M overcorrectcd. vereorrec' e orange co ore YG uncorrected cyan coupler m the lnterncga. CG Overconected.

3 N 0 overcorrections CB uncorrected in V I both stages.

4 Overeorreet the orange colored {MR over-corrected. cyan coupler in both stages. Ce overcorrectcd. 5 Overcorrcct the yellow colored No residual errors.

magenta coupler in both stages. 0 d v G uncorrectc 6 No overconections n. uncorrecte TYPE II.-ORIGINAL In the second of original material, the film has the normal arrangement as follows:

Sensitivity Image Color Image Aspect Blue .'..i Yellow Blue.

' Magenta... Green.

Cyan Red.

' Colored couplers such as those listed below are used in the red-sensitive and: green-sensitive layers of this material and after exposure it isdeveloped to a negative in the; following developer:

Formula III i Grams Z-amino-S-diethylaminotoluene hydrochloride 2 Sodium sulfite (anhydrous) 2 Sodium carbonate, monohydrate 20 Potassium bromide 2 Water to 1000 cc.

Development is followed by an acid hardening fixing bath and removal .of. silver in the usual way.

Sensitivity Image Color Image Aspect Magenta. Green.

Cyan Red.

Yellow Blue.

Since this is a false-sensitized material it cannot be printed directly from the Type II orignial material and in turn printed onto a natural-sensitized positive. Separation positives are first made from the original in the usual way using blue, green and red filters. The blue filter negative is printed through a red filter to form the blue image aspect in the bottom layer of the internegative, the green filter positive is printed through a blue filter to form the green image aspect in the top layer of the internegative and the red filter positive is printed through a green filter to form the red image aspect in the middle layer of the internegative.

The internegative film contains colored couplers in the blue-sensitive and green-sensitive layers, these couplers being illustrated more fully hereinafter. After exposure, the internegative film is developed to a negative image in the developer of Formula III and processed in the usual way.

TYPE II.-PRINT MATERIAL The print material has the following structure:

Sensitivity Image Color imaget spec Magentann Green.

Red.

Blue.

Couplers In the original and internegative material colored coupiers are used to form the cyan and magenta images. The

6 cyan couplers are colored yellow, red or orange and the magenta couplers are colored yellow. They are couplers having azo groups attached at the reactive position of the coupler as described in my prior Patent 2,449,966.

The following couplers are suitable for formation of the cyan dye:

4=- (p-tert. butyl phenoxyl)-1-hydroxy-4-phenyIaZoJZ'naphthanilide o 0 Nn-C otrm (see) OHa 1-l1ydroXy-el (2'-methoxy-4-nitrophenylazo) -2 (4-sec. amylphenyl) naphthaniide 1-hydroxy-2-[a(2,4-dia1nyl pheuoXy-n-butyl) naphthamide 2'(2,4-(llamylphenoxyacetamine)4,6-dichloro-5-inethyl phenol The following couplers are suitable for formation of the magneta dye image in the original or internegative material:

1- p-tert.-butylphenoxy) phenyl-3-a- (p-tert. butylphenoxy) prop1onylamino-d-o-toluene azo-fi-pyrazolone These couplers may be mixed with asuitable; amount and fiuoresce'in isj'then added so that the materials would,

of uncolored magentacoupler such as the following to when ditfused through the coating, prevent the under give the desired correction. ratio: layers of the sensitized emulsion being exposed to blue 1- (p-ter tbutylpheuoxy -phenyl-3-a-{p-t-butylphenoxypropiamino)-5-pyrazo one The following yellow coupler is suitable for use in any light. The material with coating addendaweighed 450 of the original, internegative or print materials described g. and was coated at 26 grams per square foot. above although a wide choice of yellow couples is avail- 15 My invention will now be 'described'by reference to the able. accompanying drawing.

As shown in the first stage of Fig. 1, a sensitive matet I I rial comprising a support and layers 11, 12 and 13, C OOOHZOONH 'C SO2N C -OH3 sensitive respectively to the'red, green and blue spectral 29 regions is exposed to an image, the image being illustrated (03m as bands of blue, green and red, to form negative silver images 14, 15 and 16 in the blue-sensitive,green-sensitive and red-sensitive layers respectively, After reversal exposure, color development and removal of the silver, the film has a magenta image 17 in layer 13, a cyan image 18 in layer 12, and a yellow image 19in layer 11 as shown V in the second stage of the drawing. N(4-benzoylacetaminobenzenesulfionyl)-N-(v-phenylpropyD-p- The original is printed onto, a negative material Shown toluldinc in the third stage of Fig. 1 comprising a support 20 having layers 21, 22 and 23 sensitive respectively to the red, green and blue spectral regions coated thereon. Upon'color development this material produces from suitable couplers The following examples illustrate the preparation of V p I incorporated in the emulsion layers the'magenta image 24 a typical internegative material according to my invention; V layer 2?, a yellow image 25 in layer 22 and a cyan #1 c0at.A dispersion of N-(4-benzoylacetamino- Image m a bsnzcne sulfonyl) N (,y pheny1pr0py1) p tb1uidine and The lnternegative is printed onto a print material shown in the fourth stage ofFig. 1 comprising a support 27 having thereon emulsion layers 28, 29 and 30 sensitive respectively to thered, green and blue .spectral regions. Upon color development of this material which contains appropriate couplers in the emulsion layers, a yellow image 31 is formed in layer 30, a cyan image 32 is formed in layer 29 and a magenta image 33 is formed in layer 28. This results in a natural color photograph and can be used for projection or viewing. The couplers in the original material and in the internegative material are uncolored yellow-forming couplers and colored cyanoctyl hydroquinone was made by dissolving 0.86 g. of the coupler and 13 mg. of dioctyl hydroquinone in an equal weight of dibutyl phthalate with warming. .This solution was poured into 10 cc. of a 10 percent gelatin solution containing 1.5 cc. of a 5 percent solution of sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate and the mixture passed through the colloid mill. This dispersion was added to 100 g. of a positive-speed, red-sensitized gelatino silver bromoiodide emulsion at 40 C. and suitable addenda to facilitate coating were added. The mixture weighed 320 rams and was coated on a suitable su ort at 59 rams g pp g forming and magenta-forming couplers, the color .of the per square foot. r I. #2 gelatin layer containing a dispersion of original coupler being omitted in the drawlng for simplicity.

dioctyl hydroquinone in dibutyl phthalate was coated. A 1 j dispersion made essentially as described for the #1 coat Afilfiel'ent type Q {liter-negatlve matellalhls Illustrated but using 1.0 g. of dioctyl hydroquinone and 3 parts of 2 0 the ghown therein, a support solvent was made and added to 225 grams of 10 percent coated aa d-$ P Q F gelatin and with suitable coating addenda weighed 930 tammg a qolvrless Y l9 Y- couplevrra greensensl grams and was coated at 1 grams Per Square foot tive emulsion 36 containing an orange colored cyan tiona #3 0 g. of a positivgspeedg green sensi pler and a blue-sensitive emulsion 37 containing a yeltized gelatino-silver bromoiodide' emulsion was added a 10W qolored mgenta-fqrmmg f Thls 15 an m mixture of 0.18 g. of 4-(p-tert.-butylphenoxy)-l-hydroxynesatlve mammal and Its format-103.11 .9 3 desinbed 4-phenylazo-2-naphthanilide and 0.22 g. of l-hydroxya A- Y ph n xy-ntyl)l-naphthamide dis- 6O It will be understood that the examples and mod fica- Solved in Q8 cc f tri o cresyl phosphate, added to gelatin tions herein are 1llustrat1ve only and my invention is to containing sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate and passed be taken as hunted only by the Scope of the appended through the colloid mill in the same manner as that declalmscribed for the #1 coat. The material with suitable coat- I Clam ing addenda now weighed 400 grams and was coated at A Phmogmphlc element E P Q a PP? havlng approximately 4 grams pg! square foot, thereon three superposed silver halide emuls1on layers #4 up like a-g coat but the final each sensitive to one of the primary colors, each of said Weight was 2000 grams, and was coated at 10 grams p layers containing a different color coupler capable of square foot. coupling with the development product of a primary #5 c0at.-To 100 g. of an unsensitized positive-speed, T aromatic amino developing agent, the coupler in the gelatino-silver bromoiodide emulsion was added a disperblue sensitive emulsion layer being yellow in its unsion of 0.95 g; of l-(p-terL-butyl phenoxy)-phenyl-3-acoupled state and forming a magenta dye on coupling, (p-tert.-butyl phenoxy)-propionylamino-4-o-toluene-azothe coupler in the green-sensitive emulsion layer being S-pyrazolone in 4 g. of tri-o-cresyl phosphate prepared as orange in its uncoupled state and forming a cyan dye on described in the #1 coat. A suitable amount of tartrazine. coupling, and the coupler in the red-sensitive emulsion layer being colorless in its uncoupled state and forming a yellow dye on coupling.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 5 Gasper Dec. 12, 1939 Michaelis Mar. 19, 1940 Wilmanns Dec. 10, 1940 Eggert et al. Feb. 4, 1941 10 10 Seymour Feb. 11, 1941 Schinzel Dec. 29, 1942 Jelley et a1. Jan. 13, 1948 Vittum et a1. Feb. 10, 1948 Hanson Sept. 21, 1948 FOREIGN PATENTS Great Britain June 24, 1932 

